“Nursing is at the forefront of symptom management, and nurse-designed interventions lead the way,” Gwen Wyatt, RN, PhD, FAAN, FAPOS, recipient of the 2020 ONS Distinguished Nurse Researcher Award, said in a session at the inaugural ONS Bridge™ virtual conference. She shared lessons from her career journey and told nurses that ONS can help them get their ideas “off the drawing board.”
Wyatt, a professor in the College of Nursing at Michigan State University, said that nurse scientists must strive to advance not only their own success but also that of their colleagues and students. She encouraged nurses interested in research to focus on needs in nursing practice, then to “use the most innovative thinking possible to generate science.”
An Evolving Research Focus Comes Full Circle
Wyatt’s creative thinking was first inspired by nurse researcher and theorist Martha Rogers’ Science of Unitary Human Beings. Early in her career, Wyatt taught therapeutic touch (TT) with the long-term goal of establishing a menu of safe and effective complementary therapies to improve quality of life (QOL) for patients cancer.
However, she was unable to find funding to establish a scientific basis for the use of TT. “I found it was necessary to refocus my research for the time being,” she said, “still keeping my passion for complementary therapies in the background.”
She secured internal funding to conduct focus groups with long-term breast cancer survivors, a group that was not well-researched at the time. Later, with money from the Oncology Nursing Foundation, she conducted additional assessments to address the needs she had uncovered during the survivor focus groups.
As her career progressed, Wyatt said that she adjusted her conceptual model, narrowing Rogers’ grand theory and focusing more on practicality—symptoms and functioning. She created and validated a long-term QOL measure, which has since been translated into several languages.
When she learned that the Department of Defense was offering funding for research into same-day discharge after surgery for breast cancer, Wyatt successfully applied for her first national grant, developing a nurse-designed, home-based intervention for that population. “At the time, this was huge change in the standard of care,” she said.
Just as Wyatt was completing that work, a turning point occurred that led her back to her original passion: Colleagues received funding to research complementary therapies. The team tested and published studies on reflexology, guided imagery, and reminiscence therapy, establishing serious investigation into complementary therapies.
Following that work, Wyatt successfully applied for National Cancer Institute (NCI) funding. She combined her past work with bereaved caregivers with her interest in QOL in breast cancer, then added the reflexology intervention. Her placebo-controlled study established that reflexology was safe and effective in terms of symptom management and physical function.
“All the time I was investigating more traditional and fundable areas of interest, I was finally able to combine my work in the direction I had always hoped go,” she said.
Future Studies Build a Basis for Complementary Therapies
Wyatt continues research built on her previous studies and her growing network of collaborators:
- Using botanical saw palmetto in men receiving radiation therapy to reduce lower urinary tract symptoms
- Training family caregivers to perform reflexology at home for symptom relief, rather than depending on trained reflexologists
- Comparing PROMIS (Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System) with legacy measures
- Using multiple randomizations to more closely tailor caregiver-delivered reflexology and meditative interventions to particular groups of patients to improve QOL
It Takes a Village
Recognizing all of the researchers and leaders whose influence guided her to today, Wyatt offered the following acknowledgements: “First, I wish to thank the ONS selection committee for this honor. Next, I thank those who nominated me for this award and for their steadfast encouragement, support, and friendship: Rebecca Lehto and Barbara Given. Next, thank you to all my colleagues, past and present: my national colleagues who have reviewed my grant applications repeatedly to be sure I had the strongest possible materials. Finally, thank you to all the nursing giants who have gone before me, whose literature has guided me and presentations have directed my thinking. Plus, it did not hurt to have one of those giants in my own backyard, in Barb Given.”